Nokia Oyj engages in the provision of network infrastructure, technology, and software services. It operates through the following segments: Mobile Networks, Network Infrastructure, Cloud and Network Services, and Nokia Technologies. The Mobile Networks segment offers technologies for Radio Access Networks (RAN) as well as Microwave Radio Links (MWR) for transport networks. The Network Infrastructure serves communication service providers, enterprises, webscales and public sector customers. The Cloud and Network Services segment builds around software and the cloud and is focused on driving leadership in cloud-native software and as-a-service delivery models, as demand for critical networks accelerates; and with strong market positions in communications software, private wireless networks, and cognitive (or intelligent) services. The Nokia Technologies segment, building on decades of innovation and R&D leadership in technologies used in virtually all mobile devices used today, is expanding the Nokia patent licensing business, reintroducing the Nokia brand to smartphones through brand licensing, and establishing a technology licensing business. The company was founded by Fredrik Idestam in 1865 and is headquartered in Espoo, Finland.