What is a credit-builder loan?

Looking for a way to establish or improve your credit? A credit-builder loan can help.

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By Anna Baluch

Written by

Anna Baluch

Writer

Anna Baluch is a personal finance freelance writer with years of experience writing for well-known media outlets in the business and personal finance space. Her work can be found on media outlets like The Balance, Freedom Debt Relief, LendingTree, Credit Karma, Nav, and RateGenius. She holds a bachelor's degree in marketing from Northwood University and an MBA from Roosevelt University.

Edited by Jared Hughes

Written by

Jared Hughes

Editor

Jared Hughes is a personal loan editor for Credible and Fox Money, and has been producing digital content for more than six years.

Updated December 13, 2023, 12:15 PM EST

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If you don’t have any credit history, it can be difficult to get approved for a loan or credit card. But if you plan ahead, you can establish a positive credit history with a credit-builder loan. As long as you make payments on time, this type of loan is a proactive way to build a credit history or improve your credit.

How does a credit-builder loan work?

A credit-builder loan is designed for borrowers with no credit or bad credit. In most cases, it’s a small loan with a short repayment term ranging from six months to two years, depending on the lender.

Just like with a traditional installment loan, you’ll make monthly payments, which include principal and interest, throughout your loan term. The lender will then report your payment history to the major credit bureaus. However, not every lender reports to all three credit bureaus, so it’s a good idea to find lenders that do. Making timely payments can then help you establish or improve your credit score.

Unlike with a traditional loan, your money will be kept in a dedicated savings account. Once your term is up, the lender will grant you access to the funds, minus interest and fees. However, some lenders may give you interest back. For example, Alltru Credit Union will give you half of your interest payments as long as you made all of your payments on time during the life of the loan.

Having your money in a dedicated account can allow you to save money and build your credit at the same time. It’s also less risky for lenders, since they hold onto the funds until you make all your payments.

For example: Let’s say you get a credit-builder loan for $800 with a 12% interest rate and a term of one year. You’ll make 12 monthly payments of roughly $71, including interest. Once the loan is approved initially, the lender will move $800 to a locked account while you make your payments.

Once your term is up, you’ll have $800 and a credit history of 12 on-time payments.

While you don’t need good credit to get approved for a credit-builder loan, the lender will likely ask for proof of employment. You may also need to provide information about your current savings and debts.

Credit-builder loan availability

You might be able to find a credit-builder loan at a community bank or credit union. But these loans are more common online through lenders that specialize in them. Self, MoneyLion, and Fig Loans are a few examples of lenders that offer credit-builder loans.

How long does it take for my credit score to change?

There’s no set timeline for seeing positive changes in credit scores. The amount of time it takes to improve your credit score depends on your credit situation and what’s hurting it. It may take anywhere from a few months to a few years, so it’s important to be patient and persistent.

However, for those who have bad credit, credit-builder loans are not proven to be effective for fixing or improving your score. In a study by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, those with existing debt who took out a credit-builder loan experienced a decrease in credit score of 3.1 points.

Pros and cons of credit-builder loans

Before you move forward with a credit-builder loan, consider the benefits and drawbacks.

Pros

  • Easy to qualify for: Compared to a traditional loan, a credit-builder loan has lenient requirements. You may be able to get approved quickly, even if you have no credit or bad credit.
  • Reported to credit bureaus: A credit-builder loan will show up on your credit reports. As long as you make timely payments, it can help you build your credit over the term of the loan.
  • Savings account: At the end of the term, the lender will return your money, minus interest and fees. You can use these funds to build an emergency fund or meet any other financial goal.

Cons

  • Must wait for your money: You’ll receive your money at the end of the term, instead of after you get approved like you would with a traditional loan. This can be an issue if you need fast cash.
  • Interest and potential fees: You might have to settle for high interest rates and fees. These may add up quickly and lead to a smaller balance than you’d like.
  • Can hurt your credit: If you miss your payments, a credit-builder loan will hurt, rather than help, your credit score. You should avoid taking one out unless you’re confident you can stick to your repayment schedule.

Apply for a credit-builder loan

Follow these steps to apply for a credit-builder loan.

  1. Know your credit situation: Visit AnnualCreditReport.com to pull free copies of your credit reports. Dispute any errors or inaccuracies with the appropriate bureau.
  2. Shop around: Do your research and find at least a few lenders that offer credit-builder loans. Then, compare borrowing amounts, interest rates, and fees to zero in on the best option.
  3. Complete your loan application: Most lenders will let you apply online, from the comfort of your own home. Depending on the lender, they may perform a hard credit pull once you submit your application, which can lower your score temporarily. But not every lender does this for a credit-builder loan. Be prepared to share details about your employment, income, savings, and any debts.
  4. Close on the loan: Upon approval, read and sign the loan agreement. Then, make on-time payments until your term is up.

Managing a credit-builder loan

Here are some tips to help you manage a credit-builder loan.

  • Make timely payments: Be sure to make on-time loan payments every month. Otherwise, you may face late fees and damage your credit. Consider setting up autopay so you don’t miss any payments.
  • Use the funds wisely: When you get your money back from a credit-builder loan, pay off debt or build an emergency fund. This can help you improve your financial situation and free up funds for fun items, like a vacation or new furniture.
  • Monitor your credit: There are many credit monitoring services available through credit card companies, banks, credit unions, and independent providers. Take advantage of them so you know whether you’re making progress.

Alternatives

If you decide that a credit-builder loan doesn’t make sense for you, you might want to explore these alternatives.

  • Personal loans: If you have good credit (usually defined as a FICO score of 670 or higher) or own something of value, you may be able to take out a personal loan. A secured personal loan is tied to collateral, like your house or car, while an unsecured personal loan is not and is therefore more difficult to get. Interest rates can be higher on unsecured loans, since there is more risk for the lender.
  • Secured credit cards: A secured credit card works like a traditional credit card. But it also requires a refundable deposit, which is usually the same as your credit limit.
  • Certificate-backed loans: Issued by a credit union, a certificate-backed loan is a type of personal loan that’s backed by the money you deposit into a savings account or share certificate. You won’t be able to access the funds while the loan is active.
  • Become an authorized user: When you become an authorized user on another person’s credit card, you can use it to make purchases without being responsible for payments. As long as the primary cardholder is responsible with their card, this strategy can help you improve your credit.
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FAQ

What is the minimum credit score required for a credit-builder loan?

A credit-builder loan is designed for borrowers with no credit or bad credit. There are usually no minimum credit score requirements.

Can I get a credit-builder loan if I have a bankruptcy on my record?

You may be able to take out a credit-builder loan even if you’ve gone through bankruptcy. Most lenders have flexible requirements and are open to borrowers with negative marks on their credit.

How long does it take to build credit with a credit-builder loan?

Your particular credit situation will determine how long it takes to build credit with a credit-builder loan. It may be anywhere from a few months to a few years, so patience is key.

Can I pay off a credit-builder loan early without any penalties?

As long as a credit-builder loan doesn’t come with a prepayment penalty, you can pay it off early without incurring a fee. Fortunately, most credit-builder loans don’t have prepayment penalties.

Meet the contributor:
Anna Baluch
Anna Baluch

Anna Baluch is a personal finance freelance writer with years of experience writing for well-known media outlets in the business and personal finance space. Her work can be found on media outlets like The Balance, Freedom Debt Relief, LendingTree, Credit Karma, Nav, and RateGenius. She holds a bachelor's degree in marketing from Northwood University and an MBA from Roosevelt University.

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Fox Money is a property of Credible Operations, Inc., which is majority-owned indirectly by Fox Corporation. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of Fox's Terms of Use and Updated Privacy Policy | Your Privacy Choices.