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If you throw all the products we buy and the services we use in one basket, then add up the price tag, that's the Gross Domestic Product, which is the primary metric economists use to assess the economic health of a country or region.
The easy part of calculating GDP is the calculation itself: C+I+G+(X-M)=GDP. Got it? No? Well, add Consumption, Investment by companies, Government purchases, and then take the product of eXports (calling it 'E' would lack sexiness) minus iMports ('I' was taken). Viola! GDP.
Still don't get it? Well, knowing the components helps. Consumption is the biggest component, and it's a tally of the cost of all the goods and services we buy. Investment is what companies spend on the real assets they own, plus the value of the inventory that we haven't gobbled up through consumption. Government purchases are what the Feds pay money for (whether it be highways or fighter jets, though big social programs, like welfare, aren't counted). And then we calculate the difference between the goods and services we¿re sending to other countries and the stuff we're bringing in.
Good. That explains it, except there's a catch. Inflation has a habit of distorting the numbers, so economists talk about either Nominal GDP or Real GDP. In fact, Real GDP isn't necessarily "real" for most folks, since it takes any inflation out. Nominal GDP includes the effects of inflation. (There's something called the implicit price deflator which is a calculation using the two, but we'll spare you the details.)
So, now that we know GDP, why do we want to? Well, it's good to compare different markets. And watching the trend shows whether a given economy is growing (good), stagnating (not so good), or shrinking (very not so good). When GDP goes down two quarters in a row, we're officially in a recession.
For the record, GDP is released at the end of each month, with most reporting ¿preliminary¿ data for the previous month. But you won't get final GDP numbers for the fourth quarter of a year until the very end of the first quarter of the next year. After all, it's not an easy number to calculate.
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Friday, July 11, 2008
FCC Enforcement Bureau Requested to Stop Sirius Satellite Radio's Unauthorized TV Broadcasting and Investigate Sirius's Misuse of SDARS Spectrum
Comtex
WASHINGTON, July 11, 2008 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ ----The Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) Enforcement Bureau has been asked to issue an order stopping Sirius Satellite Radio's (Ticker: SIRI) unauthorized satellite live television broadcasting using spectrum that the Commission licensed exclusively for satellite radio broadcasting, and to conduct an investigation into Sirius's misuse of spectrum.
According to a related filing with the FCC, Sirius's misuse of spectrum, combined with its proposed SDARS monopoly with XM (Ticker: XMSR), would amount to a multi-billion windfall at the expense of federal taxpayers, based on the difference between the combined price paid by Sirius and XM for their SDARS spectrum and the value of comparable spectrum allocated for multiple uses under rules permitting a monopoly. Despite the clear regulatory mandate that use of SDARS spectrum is limited to digital audio broadcasting, Sirius advertises its live satellite television service on its website at http://www.sirius.com/backseattv/faq.
The FCC filings by private investment firm Georgetown Partners will be available via the FCC's website, and also can be obtained from Georgetown upon request.
In the FCC filings, Georgetown stated that it "adamantly opposes delivering to Sirius cartfulls of taxpayer dollars by granting spectrum flexibility for it to broadcast television, while at the same time Sirius denies that there is sufficient spectrum to provide for a satellite radio competitor such as that proposed by Georgetown ... By Sirius' own admission, its television service is planned to occupy up to 20 percent of its spectrum, so obviously 20 percent of the spectrum is available for something other than digital radio services and could be made available to provide competition. Doing so would go a long way to satisfying the competition requirements of the Commission's public interest standard that must be met for the merger to be approved.
"We could establish a competitive alternative voice using just the 20 percent of spectrum capacity that Sirius admits it is planning to use for broadcasting television instead of for radio. It now is crystal clear on the record that Sirius/XM does not require the entire 25 MHz swath of spectrum to provide digital audio radio programs. Given the extreme scarcity of spectrum allocated for SDARS -- there is only that which is licensed to Sirius and XM -- we again urge the Commission to deny the merger unless it conditions approval of the merger upon a lease for the purpose of providing an independent voice for satellite audio consumers and establishing competition to the resulting merged entity. Competition by a structural remedy is a viable alternative to the more detailed regulation necessary to oversee a monopoly," Georgetown stated.
CONTACT: Adam Weiner or Robert Siegfried
Kekst and Company (212) 521-4800
SOURCE Georgetown Partners
Copyright (C) 2008 PR Newswire. All rights reserved
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