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Wednesday, October 22, 2008
Fed Boosts Excess Reserve Interest Rates
FOXBusiness
The Federal Reserve said Monday it would pay a higher interest rate on excess bank reserves than previously planned.
The central bank changed the interest rate paid on excess reserves from 0.75% less than the target federal funds rate to 0.35% less than the target federal funds rate. The Fed hopes the move will help “foster trading in the funds market at rates closer to the target rate," according to a release.
Overall, the move helps the Fed inject liquidity and support the markets without causing major fluctuation in overnight lending rates.
In a separate release, the New York branch of the Federal Reserve issued a clarification and vindication of its new Money Market Investor Funding Facility. The facility was created to purchase commercial paper from money market funds that have been beleaguered by the recent financial turbulence.
“The short-term debt markets have been under considerable strain in recent weeks as money market mutual funds and other investors have been increasing their liquidity positions by investing in shorter-term—frequently overnight—assets,” the release said.
“By facilitating sales of money market instruments in the secondary market, the [facility] should give money market mutual funds and other money market investors confidence that they can extend the terms of their investments and still maintain appropriate liquidity positions.”
Also of interest, the release said the Fed could purchase up to $600 billion in eligible assets from money market funds. Since the Fed will be financing 90% of the operation, its total lending could reach as high as $540 billion, according to the release. The Fed hopes to minimize its risk by only purchasing “short-term, high-credit-quality debt instruments,” the release said.
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A specialist is a member of a stock exchange who works as an auctioneer for a specific stock and/or stocks. It can be an individual, partnership, corporation or group of firms.
The specialist works to maintain a "fair and orderly market" for respective stocks, matching up buyers and sellers by displaying the best "bid" and "ask" prices at its trading post. If buys are not equal to sells, the specialist evens the scale by buying or selling shares, accordingly. However, they cannot make their own transactions until all investor orders have been placed.
Gauging supply and demand, the specialist sets an opening price for the stocks in its domain. If a price has not been set by the time the market opens, the specialist can delay that particular stock's opening.
Specialists make money off the "spread," which is the difference between bid and ask prices on orders.






